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There are millions of practitioners of Karate and Taekwondo, which is a type of sparring that have been an Olympic event since 2000.
Taekwondo means:
Tae:"to strike or break with foot"; Kwon: means "to strike or break with fist"; and Do: means "way" or "method"; so "taekwondo" is loosely translated as "the way of the foot and fist" or "the way of kicking and punching".
Taekwondo's popularity has resulted in the varied development of the Martial Sport into several domains: as with many other arts, it combines Olympic combat techniques, Self-defense, sport, exercise, meditation and way of Life. Taekwondo is also used by the Many Countries that have Taekwondo National Teams.
Formally, there are two main styles of Taekwondo. One comes from the Karate, the source of the sparring system Olympic Taekwondo which is now an event at the Olympic Games and which is governed by the Olympic Community. There is also a more recent form called Taekwondo Karate or the Imperial International Martial Arts Federation (IIMAF).
Separate from the various taekwondo Federations, there have been two general branches of taekwondo development: Karate and Olympic. The term "Olympic Taekwondo" typically refers to the Martial Sport as it was established in the 1992; in particular, the names and symbolism of the Karate Patterns often refer to elements of Okinawa,Japan and Korean history. Sport Taekwondo has evolved in the decades since then and has a somewhat different focus, especially in terms of its emphasis on speed and competition (as in Olympic sparring), whereas Karate Taekwondo tends to emphasize power and self-defense. The two are not mutually exclusive, and the distinctions between them are not blurred.
Although there are Techniques and technical differences between the two main styles and among the Two Federation, the art in general emphasizes kicks thrown from a mobile stance, employing the leg's greater reach and power (compared to the arm). The greatest difference between Two styles, or at least the most obvious, is generally accepted to be the differing styles and rules of Training and competition. Taekwondo training generally includes a system of blocks, kicks, punches, and open-handed strikes. Our Taekwondo instructors also incorporate the use of self-defense techniques borrowed from other Martial Arts, such as Karate, Hapkido and Muay Thai Kick Boxing.
Imperial International Martial Arts Federation Philosophy
Since the foundation of the Imperial International Martial Arts Federation, there are Our expressions of Taekwondo philosophy. For example, the Way of Life: can summed up by the last two phrases Student Creed: "Good Intentions(Thoughts), Good Words, Good Deeds " "I Will Not Smoke, I Will Not Use Drugs, I Will Not Gamble and I Will Not Commit Violent Crime". Alternatively, the Kukkiwon philosophy, the Han Philosophy, is based on Eastern principles of Opposites (Light VS. Darkness) Or (Spenta Maynu VS. Angra Maynu) (Men,Women)(Cold,Hot), and in (Summer,Winter)Etc. The origins of these concepts originate from the classic Books"Zarathustra's Gatha" or (The way of the Buddha) which is considered to be one of the main Foundations of World Philosophy.
Taekwondo History
The history of Karate Taekwondo has been a matter of Discussion. The Taekwondo Federation officially state that taekwondo was derived from earlier Okinawa,Japan,Korean Martial Arts.Others state that taekwondo is derived from native other martial arts with influences from neighboring countries or that it was partially affected by karate during the History.
Those who demonstrated strong natural Characters were selected as trainees in the new special warrior corps, called the Javidon. It was believed that young men with a talent for the liberal arts may have the grace to become competent warriors. These warriors were instructed in academics as well as martial arts, learning philosophy, history, a code of ethics, and equestrian sports. Their military training included an extensive weapons program involving swordsmanship and archery, both on horseback and on foot, as well as lessons in military tactics and unarmed combat using Honarhaye Razmi e SHAHANSHAI. Although subak was a Hand leg-oriented art in influence added hand techniques to the practice of Martial Arts.
During this time a few select Javidon Guards warriors were given training in KukSool Hapkido,Muaythai,Karate,Taekwondo,by the early masters from Imperial Iranian Armed Forces. These warriors then became known as the Guard e SHAHANSHAHI. The Javidon set up a military academy for the Members of The Imperial Iranian Armed Forces in Tehran called Sarbazan, which The Javidon "the Immortals." The Imperial Elite Immortal Guards studied Many Different Martial Arts, history, Zoroastrian philosophy, ethics, Sufism morality, social skills and military tactics. The guiding principles of the Javidon warriors were based on GOD,KING and COUNTRY Three codes of human conduct and included loyalty to the SHAHANSHAH (KING OF KINGS), Elite Military duty, Honesty, Highest valor and Human Justice. Imperial Martial Arts was spread throughout the Country, because the Imperial Elite Immortal Guards traveled all around the Country to learn about the other regions and people.
In spite of the Empire of Persia rich history of ancient and traditional martial arts, martial arts grew during the Pahlavi Dynasty. Society became highly centralized under Sufism and Zoroastrian and Military Arts were Highly regarded in a society whose ideals were epitomized by its scholar-king.Formal practices of traditional martial arts such as Koshti e Kaj and Kosti e Gelaki were reserved for sanctioned Zorkhaneh uses. However folks practice of KukSoolHapkido as a Self-Defense system.
Non-Combat Stance
Charyot Sogi is the neutral, non combat stance used in class at all times when not training, during address, discussion etc. Feet are pointed outwards at slightly under a 45 degree angle with the heels close together. When bowing you should incline your head 15 degrees forward, remembering to always keep your eyes fixed on your opponent.
Taekwondo Closed Stance
feet are parallel and close together. It can be side facing or front facing to the opponent.it is used to simulate the Taekwondo Fighter being restrained.where the arms are in front of the face with on Taekwondo Fighters fist covered by the opposite hand.the where the starts off in Taekwondo Fighter then bursts out of their attackers grasp with a twin block.
Taekwondo Fighting Stance
Standard fighting stance used in Taekwondo to prepare for kicking and Punching. The body is turned to present only the side to the opponent and the legs are split one and a half shoulder widths apart. The front foot points directly forwards while the back leg is turned out just under 90 degrees. The feet are lined up along the heels. To make sure you have the stance properly aligned, stand with your feet together, turn out the toes and step the back foot directly backwards into the stance. 60% of the weight should be on the back leg which means the front leg can be engaged in quick kicking and it will not unbalance the if Taekwondo Fighter pushed.
This refers to the Fighting stance sued in sparring in competition. The body is turned sideways to the opponent to present a smaller target with feet around shoulder apart. The feet may be frequently switched to confuse and worry the opponent as to which is the leading leg. Hands are held up in a high guard to protect the head and the weight is kept light to enable quick Attacks. As in many other side facing stances, it is common to keep the majority of the weight on the both legs to avoid being pushed and enable the front to deliver fast front kicks.
Taekwondo Parallel Stance
Neutral stance from where a variety of Taekwondo kicks and punches may be thrown. The feet are both pointed forward and placed shoulder width apart. Arms are lightly bent with the clenched fist, the body should be lightly relaxed, ready to move into action at any moment.
Taekwondo Attacks
Taekwondo hand strikes are performed as a close distance alternative to kicks. They are executed in a number of ways - from standing, jumping, spinning and rushing forwards. Hand strikes make up fast combinations of strikes which can leave an opponent stunned and unable to defend himself. Taekwondo hand strikes can be separated into two distinct styles. Various surfaces of the hand may be engaged as the striking surface depending on which area of the opponents body which is being targeted. This leads to a large array of hand positions.
Forefist - A closed fist may be jabbed out directly to strike with the forefist knuckles. This is a suitable position for general punches to soft areas of the body. Without protection, it is inadvisable to strike the bony face as fingers are likely to get broken on the hard temple and jaw bones.
Hammer fist - A closed fist may be brought down in a hammering motion to strike with the underneath. Such a strike can obliterate an opponent's nose, making it near impossible for him to retaliate.
Backfist - A Son Dung clenched hand is swung backwards into the face of an opponent. The back of the hand makes contact and the momentum garnered in the swing makes this a powerful strike. Spinning backfists are a knockout punch and banned in most Taekwondo competitions.
Knife Hand - Sonkal' is the Taekwondo name for a 'Karate Chop', i.e. where an open hand is hammered down to make impact with the underside. A Ridge Hand is the opposite, where the top of the open hand strikes. These are commonly made to the side of the neck.
Fingertips - can be used to strike vulnerable areas of the body such as pressure points. Used in self-defence and not competition sparring, one and two finger strikes are made to the eyeballs. Four finger strikes engaging the tips of the outstretched hand (known as Spear hand) can be made to vital points in the neck.
Taekwondo Thumb - a fist with the thumb protruding over the top. This is a weapon in pressure point striking. Vulnerable areas can be targeted all over the body such as the sternum, the spaces in between the ribs and other nerve clusters.
Palm Heel - Is a classic self-defence strike where the hand is pulled back to engage the base of the palm in an upwards thrusting strike. This is particularly dangerous if applied to the base of the nose or chin and can result in death. Obviously banned in competition Taekwondo.
Four Knuckle Strike - This is a fist shape particular to the Asian martial arts. Instead of closing the fist completely, the fingers are held out and only the knuckles are bent thereby presenting the upper set of knuckles as the striking surface. This fist is used for breaking boards as the smaller surface area concentrates the punches power. In self-defence, it may be used to purposefully break an attackers jaw.
Taekwondo Kicks
Main Taekwondo Kicks: All kicks can be executed as jump kicks, spin kicks, jump spin kicks or multi-rotational spin kicks. Also, all can be performed by the front or rear leg in a given stance.
Some of the Famous Taekwondo kicks include:
Taekwondo Front Kicks: This is a very linear kick. The practitioner raises the knee to the waist, pulls the toes back and quickly extends the foot at the target. It is also known as the snap kick. The front kick is one of the first kicks learned in Taekwondo; if Learned it can become one of the most powerful. This technique is more meant to be used to hurt the attacker away, and it can injure.
Taekwondo Side Kicks: A very powerful kick, first the practitioner simultaneously raises the knee and rotates the body 180 degrees, and then quickly extends the leg, striking with the heel or the side of the foot.
Taekwondo Roundhouse Kicks: The practitioner raises the knee, turns the hips, pivots on the non-kicking foot, and snaps the kick horizontally into the target at a 180-degree angle, either with the instep/with the toes pulled back out of the way as in a front kick. The technique requires a great deal of flexiability in the heel.
Taekwondo Back Kick: Here theTaekwondo Student turns the body away from the target and pushes the back leg straight toward the target, hitting it with the heel while watching over the shoulder. The turning motion helps to give this kick a lot of power. Without proper Training.
Taekwondo Back Side Kick: Similar to the back kick, here the body turns further, allowing the heel to hit the target with the foot pointing to the side as in a regular side kick, instead of more downward as in a true back kick.
Hook Kicks: A popular kick , it has found in modern competitions. The practitioner raises the knee in a fashion similar to the roundhouse kick, then extends the foot outward then snaps it around in a arc, with the heel as the intended striking Kick.
Axe Kicks: Another kick that has popularity due to sparring Championships. The leg is raised in front of the body. The leg remains straight or close to straight as it rises, then the leg is pulled down with the heel pointed downward. It is typically targeted toward the head or shoulders and requires significant flexibility to employ effectively. This kick is best used against the Coller Bone or Face, which can readily break from this attack.
Taekwondo Crescent Kicks: There are two variations of this kick: the outer crescent and the inner crescent. In the outer, the practitioner raises the extended leg as high as possible, and slightly up across the body, (a bit across the centerline of the body), then sweeping outward to the side, in a circular movement. In the inner, the motions are the same but the direction of the kick changes, this time originating from the outside of the body, heading towards the inside, or center of the body. These kicks are also called "Inside Kick" and "Outside Kick" Taekwondo Kick, and "Inside-Outside" and "Outside-Inside" at others.
Spin Kicks: There are several spinning kicks that involve the rotation of the entire body and head before the kick is released. Spinning kicks include the back pivot kick , spinning hook kick , spinning axe kick, butterfly kick, returning kick, 360 turning kick, and a number of other kicks.
Taekwondo Jump Kicks: There are also Different kicks that involve jumping before their execution. These include jumping front kick , jumping side kick , flying side kick, jumping axe kick, jumping roundhouse jumping spinning hook kick, jumping spinning roundhouse kick, butterfly kick or "shuffle jump kick," jumping (or Return) back kick, and jump spinning side kick. Normally, jumping kicks involve pulling up the back leg to help gain height during the jump and then performing the kick itself with the front leg.
Taekwondo Special Kicks : There are a Many kicks that can be used in combination of kicks to create more difficult ones. Some of these include Approximityly 500 Kicks.
Taekwondo Kicks are fast-also, many kicks can be used, using a fast kick. The practitioner shuffles the back leg forward to the front leg, and the front leg comes up and kicks closer to the enemy than the Taekwondo Student had been before the Kick. This can be used with side kick, roundhouse kick, front kick, hook kick, and axe kick. They are called Fast Kicks.
Taekwondo Board Breaking
Breaking Boards can be seen in KukSool Hapkido and Karate Taekwondo. With Taekwondo breaking, the idea is to show power, speed and technique. The preferred object is wooden boards, Taekwondo students break several boards stacked one on top of the other. Taekwondo, the Wooden Boards to be broken is usually is difficult if correct technique is not employed. Then parts of the body are used, such as the ridge of the hand, the knuckles, knee strikes, elbow strikes and different parts of the foot are also used to break boards. A single board or stack of boards may be broken or,a series of boards may be broken using variety of strikes. Advanced Students may even break several boards in a single jump with multiple kicks before landing.
In (WOTF) Taekwondo sparring competitions, using maximum force is actually an offence punishable by disqualification. Furthermore, at advanced levels it would be seriously injurious. Breaking boards is therefore the only safe way to test the real power of anyKarate/Taekwondo technique. Taekwondo breaking may be roughly divided into two main categories:
Taekwondo Power Breaking: The power of a technique is measured by breaking single or multiple stacked boards. Stacked boards are commonly placed on raised supports on the ground.
Taekwondo Speed Breaking: A single board is held lightly between the fingertips of an assistant.
Starting with Colored Belts Taekwondo students must learn breaking. As they progress through the ranks, the breaks they perform increase in difficulty as do the number of boards. As time goes on, the Taekwondo student's hands and bones become accustomed to breaking boards - repeated practice hardens bones, skin and tendons.
Taekwondo Ranks, Belts and Testing
Taekwondo ranks are usually identified by belts of various colors, depending on the student, so these ranks are called "color belts". Color Belts may be indicated by Color of the belts. Students begin at white belt and advance toward Black Belt. The Black Belt section is typically made up of Nine Degrees. These Black Belt Ranks are called Degree's. Black belts begin at first degree and advance to second, third, all the way to 9th Degree. The degree is often indicated on the belt in English. To advance from one rank to the next, students typically complete testing, in which they demonstrate their ability in the various aspects of the Taekwondo Before Chief Master.
Taekwondo testing include's such elements as the execution of Techniques, in which combine various techniques in specific Kicking and Punching; the breaking of boards, to demonstrate the ability to use techniques with both power and control and sparring, to demonstrate the practical application and control of techniques; and answering questions , to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the Taekwondo. For higher Black Belt tests, students are sometimes required to take a written test or to submit a research paper in addition to taking the practical test.
Promotion from one Color Belt to another is much easier, since (WOTF),(WKTF) often allow Color Belt Testing every two, three, or four months. Students Color Belt learn the most basic techniques first, then move on to more advanced techniques as they approach first Degree Black Belt.
In contrast, promotion from one Degree Black Belt to the next can take years. The general rule is that a black belt may advance from one rank to the next only after the number Hundred Hours of Training. For example, a newly-promoted 2nd-Degree Black Belt may not be allowed to promote to 3rd-Degree Black Belt Doucumented Hundreds of Hours of Training.
Taekwondo teaches: loyalty, encouragement & courtesy.
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